Taxonomy Of Thermopsis (Fabaceae) In North-America

Comprehensive reevaluation of both herbarium specimens and field observations of the North American Thermopsis leads to our recognition of 10 species. Three species occur in the southern Appalachians: T. villosa, T. mollis, and T. fraxinifolia. The Rocky Mountains and intermountain regions are populated by the relatively variable and widespread species T. divaricarpa, T. montana, and T. rhombifolia. The Pacific coastal mountains of California are dominated by the variable T. californica (with three infraspecific taxa), which gives way to T. gracilis in northern California and western Oregon. Thermopsis macrophylla and T. robusta have restricted ranges in California.Integrative Biolog

A fool proof carrier design for front access storage expansion board

Storage applications, by their very nature, need an expansion hardware to consolidate more hard drives to a controller. Typically the expansion hardware is designed as an independent printed circuit board and connect to the hard drive backplane in the opposite side of hard drives. When the system is installed in the rack, it requires users to move the whole system box from the position in order to open the lid. It also requires users to power off the system before disconnect the expansion board from the hard drive backplane

ACUTE EFFECT OF VIBRATORY STIMULATION ON ELBOW JOINT FLEXOR PERFORMANCE

A novel design of vibratory stimulation training system which can provide precisely controlled smooth force profile to the participants is introduced. All participants received 4 treatments with 20s of vibratory stimulation at a specific frequency and amplitude. The experimental data were analyzed through the two-way repeated-measures ANOVA analysis, with the independent variables being vibratory frequency and amplitude, and the dependent variables EMGrms, Fmax, RFD0.5s, and Fave. An optimal vibratory stimulation pattern was found from this study that has the most significant acute effect on the elbow joint flexor muscle performance: a 60% maximal force loading combined with vibratory stimulation at a frequency of 2.5 Hz and amplitude of 1 N sustained over 20s

THE ACUTE EFFECT OF UPPER EXTREMITY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING

The purpose of this study was to probe the acute effect of the performance of upper extremity muscle groups after the plyometric training intervention. The participants were 13 healthy male college students. The force transducers (300kg, 200 Hz) and EMG sensor (1000 Hz) were taken to diagnose the acute effects of strength and muscle activation done by upper extremity pre and post plyometric training (load :24kg, 12 repetiiion times Iset, 3 set), and pair t-test was taken to test the significance(a=.05). The result showed that the strength after the upper extremity plyometric training intervention obviously had decreased 8% (

Distributed Training Large-Scale Deep Architectures

Scale of data and scale of computation infrastructures together enable the current deep learning renaissance. However, training large-scale deep architectures demands both algorithmic improvement and careful system configuration. In this paper, we focus on employing the system approach to speed up large-scale training. Via lessons learned from our routine benchmarking effort, we first identify bottlenecks and overheads that hinter data parallelism. We then devise guidelines that help practitioners to configure an effective system and fine-tune parameters to achieve desired speedup. Specifically, we develop a procedure for setting minibatch size and choosing computation algorithms. We also derive lemmas for determining the quantity of key components such as the number of GPUs and parameter servers. Experiments and examples show that these guidelines help effectively speed up large-scale deep learning training

Study on the continuous phase evolution and physical properties of gas-atomized high-entropy alloy powders

In this study, AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy (HEA) powders were fabricated by gas atomization process, and the effects of annealing heat treatment on phase evolution and mechanical properties were investigated. The as-atomized powders have pure BCC phase with a spherical shape and equal composition distribution, and then the FCC and sigma phase sequentially generated after annealing. The mechanical property such as hardness was evidently enhanced, which was caused by precipitation hardening effect. After the raw powders were annealed at 600 °C, the FCC (Al-Ni) phase began to precipitate, the its phase intensity raised with the annealing temperature. Then, the sigma phase (Fe-Cr) formed as the annealing temperature reached 800 °C. Both mechanical properties and lattice constant were influenced by heating effect. According to the results, the lattice became loose with the increasing temperature. In summary, the mechanical properties and phase constitutions of gas-atomized AlCoCrFeNi HEA powders can be adjusted via annealing process, resulting in precipitation hardening effect

Body Mass Index–Mortality Relationship in Severe Hypoglycemic Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

AbstractBackgroundHypoglycemia is associated with a higher risk of death. This study analyzed various body mass index (BMI) categories and mortalities of severe hypoglycemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in a hospital emergency department.MethodsThe study included 566 adults with type 2 diabetes who were admitted to 1 medical center in Taiwan between 2008 and 2009 with a diagnosis of severe hypoglycemia. Mortality data, demographics, clinical characteristics and the Charlson’s Comorbidity Index were obtained from the electronic medical records. Patients were stratified into 4 study groups as determined by the National institute of Health (NiH) and World Health organization classification for BMi, and the demographics were compared using the analysis of variance and χ2 test. Kaplan-Meier’s analysis and the Cox proportional-hazards regression model were used for mortality, and adjusted hazard ratios were adjusted for each BMi category among participants.ResultsAfter controlling for other possible confounding variables, BMI <18.5 kg/m2 was independently associated with low survival rates in the Cox regression analysis of the entire cohort of type 2 DM patients who encountered a hypoglycemic event. Compared to patients with normal BMI, the mortality risk was higher (adjusted hazard ratios = 4.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.4-9.9) in underweight patients. Infection-related causes of death were observed in 101 cases (69.2%) and were the leading cause of death.ConclusionsAn independent association was observed between BMI less than 18.5 kg/m2 and mortality among type 2 DM patient with severe hypoglycemic episode. Deaths were predominantly infection related

(Acetato-κO)(2-{[2-(dimethyl­amino)­ethyl­imino](phen­yl)meth­yl}-5-methoxy­phenolato-κ3 N,N′,O 1)copper(II)

The CuII atom in the title complex, [Cu(C18H21N2O2)(C2H3O2)], is tetra­coordinated by two N atoms and two O atoms, of which one O atom is attributed to the acetate group and the other atoms are from the tridentate salicylideneiminate ligand, forming a slight distorted square-planar environment. The other acetate O atom exhibits a very weak intra­molecular inter­action toward the Cu atom, the Cu—O distance of 2.771 (2) Å being shorter than the van der Waals radii for Cu and O atoms (2.92 Å). Furthermore, there are weak inter­molecular inter­actions, in which the bonding O atom of the acetate group can bridge to the Cu atom of another complex, and the distance of 2.523 (2) Å is about 0.4 Å shorter than the van der Waals Cu—O distance in other crystal structures